How can this be? Aren't we all logical by virtue of being human? Humans are, after all, reasoning animals, perhaps the only animals capable of reason. It may surprise you to learn that logical reasoning is difficult.
There are many fine books on the rules of logic and the history of logic, but here you will read the story of the barriers we face in trying to communicate logically with one another. It is a book for anyone who is curious about why logical thinking doesn't come "naturally." It is a book for anyone who wants to be more logical. It is a book for those who think they are logical and wonder why others aren't. Logic Made Easy is a book for anyone who believes that logic is rare. INTRODUCTION: LOGIC IS RARE Crime is common. Shaggy logic 1J3 Fallacies 177 Paradoxes 1 8 J M COMMON LOGIC AND LANGUAGE Reasoning machines 160 Truth tables 16 s True, false, and maybe 1 68 11 FUZZY LOGIC, FALLACIES, AND PARADOXES Leibniz's dream comes true: Boolean logic 15 J 10
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The converse of the conditional Causationĭisjunction, an "or" statement Conjunction, an "and" statement Hypothetical syllogismsĬommon fallacies 130 Diagramming conditional syllogisms 8 SERIES SYLLOGISMS Some is existential 6 s Some are some are notĪtmosphere of the "sillygism" 8 8 Knowledge interferes with logic 89 Truth interferes with logic 90 Terminology made simple 91 6 WHEN THINGS ARE IFFY The trouble with not 54 Scope of the negative 5 8 A and E propositions s 9 When no means yes-the "negative pregnant" and double negative 61 k SOME Is PART OR ALL OF ALL The mistakes we make l 3 Logic should be everywhere 1 8 How history can help 19 1 PROOFĬonsistency is all I ask 29 Proof by contradiction 33 Disproof 3 6 I ALL 40Īll S are P 42 Vice Versa 42 Familiarity-help or hindrance? 41 Clarity or brevity? 50 10110 com WW Norton & Company Ltd., Castle House, 75/76Wells Street, LondonWlT 3QT Includes bibliographical references and index.
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Book design by Margaret M.Wagner Production manager: Julia Druskin Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bennett, Deborah J., 1950Logic made easy : how to know when language deceives you / Deborah J. Bennett All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America First Edition For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, WW Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10110 Manufacturing by The Haddon Craftsmen, Inc. LOGIC MADE EASY How to Know When Language Deceives You DEBORAH W Ĭopyright © 2004 by Deborah J. This is one of those books that will require a re-read to get the most out of it. Indeed, formal logic is the foundation of today's computer technology. There is also a lot of interesting material about the history of logic and how it was applied ultimately for uses like transistors and computer chips. I found many of the explanations and examples challenging but I suppose that is the purpose of the book - if logic were that easy, maybe the book would not have been written. But people naturally assume the bi-conditional, because this is what we do in daily conversation, but should not be done in formal logic. Bennett explains that there may be other reasons why you did not go to the party (It was being thrown by geeks). As a result, conditional statements like "If it rains, you will not go to the party" are perceived as bi-conditional statements: "If it rains, you will not go to the party and if you did not go to the party, it rained". There are a number of reasons for this, like the sheer complexity of logical arguments, or the tendency of people to add other knowledge to the equation, for example. The last few chapters of the book are about how difficult formal logic seems to be for the mere mortal (I count myself among those).
Despite the title of the book, in the end logic is still not easy, at least not formal logic.
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